ΰ ռü
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07-04-23 15:23
6,962
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ΰ ռü(Human Leukocyte Antigen; HLA)?
ٸ ִٴ 1945 Dausset ؼ ó ˷µ, ״ ȯڵ û (leucoagglutinin) Ͽ, Ҵ ȯ û߿ , Ե Ÿ ؼ ü(alloantibodies) . ̰ HLA ù ̸߰ ߿ ߰ߵ ̶ ǹ̷ Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)̶ Ǿ. HLA ̿ܿ ΰ ϸ ִ alloantigen ϳ HLA ġ , ̽Ľ źι ų ִ.
HLA HLA ڿ Ǵµ HLA ڴ 6 ü ܿ(short arm) ġϸ ġ 깰 HLA ɿ HLA class I class II ڷ зǾ ̿ class III ڰ ִٴ . HLA class I ڴ HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C ϰ ̵ class I ǥǴ ݸ, HLA class II ڴ HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP ϸ ̵ class II ַ B ٱ ǥȴ. Class III ڴ ü C2, C4A, C4B, properdin factor B tumor necrosis factor (TNF) кǴ Ѵ.
HLA ڴ ִ ڵ ߿ (polymorphism) ϴٴ Ư¡ ִ. HLA ¿ ټ 븳 (allele) Ͽ ˷ ٿ ϸ HLA-B ¿ 186, HLA-DRB1 ¿ 184 븳ڰ HLA-A, -C, -DQ, -DP ¿ ʰ 븳ڰ ִ. ڿ ⼭ Ƿ ϴ 븳 ̰, û Ǵ HLA (A, B, C, DR, DQ) 130 ̴̻. ó پ ߰ߵǴ HLA 躸DZⱸ HLA ȸ Ǹ 4-5⸶ ռũ̶ ȸǿ װ ο HLA ڰ ǰ ո HLA Ī ȴ. HLA ǥ 1 Ÿ.
HLA ̿
1. ̽
HLA ˻簡 Ȱϰ ̿ǰ ִ ӻо߰ ̴̽. ̽ĵǴ ణ ٸ Ϲ ڿ ڰ HLA ġɼ ̽ Ȯ . Ƿ HLA ˻ ÿ ߿ ǥ ȴ. Ư ̽ κ ȯڿ HLA-A, B, DR ġϴ 쿡 ̽ ǽϹǷ ̽ ˻μ HLA ˻ ʼ̴. ̽ HLA ڸŰ ѵǾ ־ ֱٿ ̽ĵ ϰ ǰ ִ.
2. ȯ
Ư ȯ(Ư ڰ鿪 ȯ) Ư HLA ü ִ. ˷ ô߿ (ankylosing spondylitis) HLA-B27 ̸ ֱٿ ۼ (narcolepsy) HLA-DR2, DQ6 ٴ Ǿ.
3. Ǻ
ݺԿ ᱹ з ص ʴ Ǻ (platelet refractoriness) ȸ 2/3 ϰ ȴ. ̷ Ǻ ǿ ԵǾ Ǵ HLA Ͽ -HLA ü Ǿ ϴ κε, ̷ 쿡 HLA ġϴ ϸ κп Ǹ, ܱ̳ Ϻ ǰڿ HLA ˻縦 ǽϿ ϴ ǰڵ (platelet donor registry) ǽϰ غ̴.
4. ģڰ˻
HLA ϰ θ ڽ ǹǷ ģڰ˻翡 ̿ǰ ִ.
5. ηп
HLA 븳, Ϲü ū ̸ ̰ ְ Ư¡ Ÿ Ư 븳ڿ Ư HLA Ϲü(haplotye) ϰ ȴ. ̷ 鿡 η о߿ HLA ˻簡 ̿ǰ ִ.
HLA ˻
HLA ˻ ũ û ˻ DNA ˻ ִ. û ȯ ϴ HLA ˻ϴ ̰ DNA ˻ ȯ DNA ڼؿ HLA ϴ ̴. HLA classs I (A,B,C) ˻翡 û θ ̿ǰ , HLA class II ˻ ַ û ˻Ǿ ҷ (1 mL ) Ȯ ˻簡 DNA ˻ ̿ Ǵ .
1. û ˻
HLA û ˻ 1964 ̱ Terasaki ü ̼˻ (complement-mediated microlymphocytotoxicity) Ͽ ǥϿµ 絵 Terasaki ü ణ Ͽ ˻ϰ ִ. ˻ ϸ . ַ ǰȭ Terasaki plate ̿ϴµ plate well(60-72) 缺û, û HLA ü ֵǾ ִ. HLA plate well ˻ϰ ϴ Ͽ Ű Ư HLA û ϴ HLA ִ -ü Ͼ ü ϸ üչ صȴ. ص Eosin Y Ǿ ̰ (inverted phase contrast microscope) Ͽ ũ Ӱ δ. ǵ 缺 well HLA ü Ư̼ HLA ϰ ȴ. ֱٿ ܼü (monoclonal antibody) ̿ ˻ plate ǰ ִµ plate well -HLA ܼü 亸ü Բ ֵǾ ־, ˻ Ͽ Ű ܰ ˻簡 ϹǷ ˻ð ǰ ϴ.
2. DNA ˻
HLA class I class II DNA ˻ ȿҿ (PCR) ̿Ͽ ˻ϰ ϴ HLA ں Ų SSO (sequence specific oligonucleotide), reverse SSO hybridization, RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), SSP (sequence specific primer) amplification, SSCP (sequence specific conformational polymorphism), direct sequencing ˻ ߿ ϳ Ͽ DNA Ѵ.
1.Bodmer JG, Marsh SGE, Albert ED, et al. Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1996. Tissue Antigens 1997;49:297-321.
2.ڸ. ѱ HLA. ȸ 1994;37:960-8.
3. , Ȳ, ڸ. ѱ HLA Ϲü . ӻȸ 1997;17:1109-23.
ǥ 1. HLA (1996 )
ABCDRDQDP
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A1B5B49(21)Cw1DR1DQ1DPw1
A2B7B50(21)Cw2DR103DQ2DPw2
A203B703B51(5)Cw3DR2DQ3DPw3
A210B8B5102Cw4DR3DQ4DPw4
A3B12B5103Cw5DR4DQ5(1)DPw5
A9B13B52(5)Cw6DR5DQ6(1)DPw6
A10B14B53Cw7DR6DQ7(3)
A11B15B54(22)Cw8DR7DQ8(3)
A19B16B55(22)Cw9(w3)DR8DQ9(3)
A23(9)B17B56(22)Cw10(w3)DR9
A24(9)B18B57(17)DR10
A2403B21B58(17)DR11(5)
A25(10)B22B59DR12(5)
A26(10)B27B60(40)DR13(6)
A28B2708B61(40)DR14(6)
A29(19)B35B62(15)DR1403
A30(19)B37B63(15)DR1404
A31(19)B38(16)B64(14)DR15(2)
A32(19)B39(16)B65(14)DR16(2)
A33(19)B3901B67DR17(3)
A34(10)B3902B70DR18(3)
A36B40B71(70)
A43B4005B72(70)DR51
A66(10)B41B73
A68(28)B42B75(15)DR52
A69(28)B44(12)B76(15)
A74(19)B45(12)B77(15)DR53
A80B46B78
B47B81
B48
Bw4
Bw6
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2002-10-09
*ó : ڻ
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